The NSMB Hacking Domain » How can I add sprites to a DS homebrew game...?

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ray	Posted on 09-23-11, 04:47 pm Hi. Link ID: 4467 +0
Roy Koopa Karma: 4011 Posts: 696/2722 Since: 06-26-11	Yeah, some of you, know how annoying I am, but I still dont know how to add sprites to a DS homebrew game Can someone tell me how to do it, with a explanation WHAT I do? _________________________ See a lots of creative DS Hacking here If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

coolas1	Posted on 09-24-11, 07:18 am Hi. Link ID: 4499 +0
Porcupo Did you win the game? Karma: 211 Posts: 105/322 Since: 06-28-11	Well sure I can help, but I do not know what is happening. Do you have the source to the particular DS homebrew game? Are you trying to display two sprites and the second sprite comes up with weird colours? What is happening? If you do not have the source to the DS game then... Good Luck!

ray	Posted on 09-24-11, 08:00 am Hi. Link ID: 4500 +0
Roy Koopa Karma: 4011 Posts: 703/2722 Since: 06-26-11	I'm making my own homebrew^^ And for it, I need buttons and other things (It will be like a jumpn run). But i have NO idea how to show sprites and how to configure the grit files _________________________ See a lots of creative DS Hacking here If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

Freeze	Posted on 09-24-11, 09:43 am (rev. 1) Hi. Link ID: 4503 +0
Karma: 3752 Posts: 455/2112 Since: 06-28-11	Just put an image inside your homebrew game and then make it move or do anything else you want with it. EDIT: Do you program with devkitPro and PAlib? If yes, here is a link to a german tutorial I used long time ago.

coolas1

Posted on 09-24-11, 11:43 am (rev. 21)

Link
ID: 4505
+0

Porcupo
Did you win the game?

Karma: 211
Posts: 106/322
Since: 06-28-11

Posted by lui1000

EDIT: Do you program with devkitPro and PAlib? If yes, here is a link to a german tutorial I used long time ago.

No ray does not use PAlib, also I would recommend that NOBODY uses PAlib, it is a very out dated and slow library.

BTW: Also I asked Dirbaio to create this Sub-forum so that I could post DS Devving tutorials... I have not written them yet.

Is that a good Idea? A thread with ONLY tutorial's on DS Dev?

Tutorial on how to show sprites in DS dev...

First create a folder somewhere call it sprite_test.

Next we need to create a Makefile which supports converting .png files into data which is in the DS's format...
Goto the folder devkitPro/examples/nds/audio/maxmod/song_events_example/
Copy the file Makefile into the folder that you created above.

I would not REALLY worry about how the make file works, it is important to know only when you want to use VERY custom command line options.
Basically the makefile converts your .c files into .s files into .o files into one big .elf file Which is then converted into a .nds
A Makefile makees that conversion progress a lot easier.
A .C file is a file which contains C Code.
A .S file is a file which contains ASM Code.
An .o file is a file which contains Machine code
An .elf file is a file which contains Machine code for all of your project.

Now create some folders in that folder.
Create a gfx, audio and source folder.

Next we need to create 2 .png files with our graphics.
Create some random graphic files and save them as a .png in the gfx folder.

Now we need to create .grit files for the two sprite graphic files.
A sprite needs to be 8bit bitmap, tiled and have a transperent colour.
I normally choose a transparent colour of 0xFF00FF of course you could change the colour though.
Grit has 3 options that suit those needs.

----------------------------
Save that as a file with the same name as the .png files with the .grit extension (for the tutorial I have saved them as gfx1.png and gfx2.png).

Now for the main part of this Demo.... The Coding...

THE CODING

Create a new file called main.cpp
When ever creating a new coding file it is best to use the extension .cpp which provides access to all of C++'s new features.
That is unless you have a good reason to use C.

The first thing that we need to do in the .cpp file is to include the NDS library.
You do this by adding the following line of code.
(All lines of code should get appended into the .cpp file main.cpp

#include <nds.h>

Now you must include the graphics. The graphic names might be different from mine but you can easily change them.

#include "gfx1.h"
#incldue "gfx2.h"

Now you should ask. But where did those .h files come from, well they were generated by grit in the conversion process.

Now we create a main function...

int main(){

Now for the important part we need to set the video mode to a mode that allows sprites.
Luckily every 2D mode allows us to use sprites so we can set it to anything.
But MODE_5_2D is a very good all rounder so we will use that.
(To see what mode can do what check on drunkencoders)
Type in this to change the mode:

videoSetMode(MODE_5_2D);

Now we need to Map some VRAM for the main sprites.

vramSetBankA(VRAM_A_MAIN_SPRITE);

Now we need to init the sprite object something thingie (it's real name is oam).

oamInit(&oamMain,SpriteMapping_1D_32,true);

&oamMain tells the function to init the main Graphic engine.
SpriteMapping_1D_32 means something meaningless to me (ask ---> dirbaio)
true tells the function to init sprites with extended palettes enabled.

We need extended palettes because we have two palettes (one for each image).
Extended palettes is the only way to use more than one palette.

Now we need to set a VRAM bank for the extended palette.
VRAM_F is a bank which can be mapped like that.
But before that we need to write the palette data into the VRAM_F bank.
To do that it needs to be mapped to the LCD.

vramSetBankF(VRAM_F_LCD);

Then we need to copy the data into the VRAM

int i;
for (i=0;i<=gfx1PalLen;i++)
VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[0][i] = gfx1Pal[i];
for (i=0;i<=gfx2PalLen;i++)
VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[1][i] = gfx2Pal[i];

The:
VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[1] = gfx2Pal; Line does a copy for you.
It copies the i element from the gfx's Palette and puts it in the 2'nd (1) spot in the extended palette memory in the element i.

Now we set VramF to the extended palette mode.

vramSetBankF(VRAM_F_SPRITE_EXT_PALETTE);

Now we need to copy in the Sprite Graphics (Tiles)
First We must allocate some memory inside the sprite memory for our two graphics

u16* gfx1 = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color); u16* gfx2 = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color);

The above code allocates enough memory for a 16x16 sprite but you can easily change that.

Now copy the tiles using dmaCopy();

dmaCopy(gfx1Tiles, gfx1, gfx1TilesLen); dmaCopy(gfx2Tiles, gfx2, gfx2TilesLen);

Then create 4 varibles the x and y position of 2 sprites:

int x1,y1,x2,y2; x2=32; y2=32;

Now create and enter the main/while(1) loop

while(1){

Every frame we need to create two sprite data entries.
They tell the DS the palette ID of the sprite the x and y position of the sprite and other random stuff.
For more infomaion on that Look Here

oamSet(&oamMain, //main graphics engine context 0, //oam index (0 to 127) (spritenumber) x1, y1, //x and y pixle location of the sprite 0, //priority, lower renders last (on top) 0, //this is the palette index if multiple palettes or the alpha value if bmp sprite SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color, gfx1, //pointer to the loaded graphics -1, //sprite rotation data false, //double the size when rotating? false, //hide the sprite? false, false, //vflip, hflip false //apply mosaic ); oamSet(&oamMain, 1, x2, y2, 0, 1, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color, gfx2, -1, false, false, false, false, false );

Then We wait for the next frame

swiWaitForVBlank();

Then Update the oam (the sprite memory thingie)

oamUpdate(&oamMain);

Then Close All of the functions

} }

Now After all of that you shoud have a main.cpp of:

#include <nds.h> #include "gfx1.h" #include "gfx2.h" int main(){ videoSetMode(MODE_5_2D); vramSetBankA(VRAM_A_MAIN_SPRITE); oamInit(&oamMain,SpriteMapping_1D_32,true); vramSetBankF(VRAM_F_LCD); int i; for (i=0;i<=gfx1PalLen;i++) VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[0][i] = gfx1Pal[i]; for (i=0;i<=gfx2PalLen;i++) VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[1][i] = gfx2Pal[i]; vramSetBankF(VRAM_F_SPRITE_EXT_PALETTE); u16* gfx1 = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color); u16* gfx2 = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color dmaCopy(gfx1Tiles, gfx1, gfx1TilesLen); dmaCopy(gfx2Tiles, gfx2, gfx2TilesLen); int x1,y1,x2,y2; x2=32; y2=32; while(1){ oamSet(&oamMain, //main graphics engine context 0, //oam index (0 to 127) (spritenumber) x1, y1, //x and y pixle location of the sprite 0, //priority, lower renders last (on top) 0, //this is the palette index if multiple palettes or the alpha value if bmp sprite SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color, gfx1, //pointer to the loaded graphics -1, //sprite rotation data false, //double the size when rotating? false, //hide the sprite? false, false, //vflip, hflip false //apply mosaic ); oamSet(&oamMain, 1, x2, y2, 0, 1, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color, gfx2, -1, false, false, false, false, false ); swiWaitForVBlank(); oamUpdate(&oamMain); } }

If that is what you have in your main.cpp you have followed the instructions correct, go and compile (tell me whether it works, I do not know yet ) and have fun!

ray	Posted on 09-24-11, 11:44 am Hi. Link ID: 4509 +0
Roy Koopa Karma: 4011 Posts: 706/2722 Since: 06-26-11	WOAAW! Yes, Palib is crap But thank you for the WIP tutorial And I think its a good idea to create a DS Dev subforum _________________________ See a lots of creative DS Hacking here If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

coolas1	Posted on 09-24-11, 11:48 am Hi. Link ID: 4511 +0
Porcupo Did you win the game? Karma: 211 Posts: 107/322 Since: 06-28-11	I meant a DS dev tutorial Thread but never mind. Anyway I will continue with the tutorial.

ray	Posted on 09-24-11, 11:50 am Hi. Link ID: 4512 +0
Roy Koopa Karma: 4011 Posts: 708/2722 Since: 06-26-11	Posted by coolas1 BTW: Also I asked Dirbaio to create the Sub-forum so that I could post DS Devving tutorials... but that has not happened yet. Look, you said, subforum _________________________ See a lots of creative DS Hacking here If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

coolas1	Posted on 09-24-11, 12:32 pm Hi. Link ID: 4513 +0
Porcupo Did you win the game? Karma: 211 Posts: 108/322 Since: 06-28-11	Ok The tutorial should be finished now. BTW: If I neeeded to type that much then it is not a n00b question. I took me about 1 year to figure out PAlib then another year to move to libnds. That is NOT a n00b question. If there is anyone trying to figure out how DS dev works ask a question instead of doing years of research, it is MUCH MUCH MUCH MUCH MUCH (etc) quicker.

ray

Posted on 09-24-11, 03:56 pm (rev. 4)

Link
ID: 4514
+0

Roy Koopa

Karma: 4011
Posts: 709/2722
Since: 06-26-11

I asked (after one month research

), but noone answered me

Then I thought it could be useful to create a thread

EDIT:
I made it now, but I get a error

> "make"

************************
* Maxmod Utility v1.8e *
************************

Usage:
mmutil [options] input files ...

Input may be MOD, S3M, XM, IT, and/or WAV

.------------.----------------------------------------------------.
| Option | Description |
|------------|----------------------------------------------------|
| -o<output> | Set output file. |
| -h

| Set header output file. |
| -m | Output MAS file rather than soundbank. |
| -d | Use for NDS projects. |
| -b | Create test ROM. (use -d for .nds, otherwise .gba) |
| -i | Ignore sample flags. |
| -v | Enable verbose output. |
| -p | Set initial panning separation for MOD/S3M. |
`-----------------------------------------------------------------'

.-----------------------------------------------------------------.
| Examples: |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| Create DS soundbank file (soundbank.bin) from input1.xm |
| and input2.it Also output header file (soundbank.h) |
| |
| mmutil -d input1.xm input2.it -osoundbank.bin -hsoundbank.h |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| Create test GBA ROM from two inputs |
| |
| mmutil -b input1.mod input2.s3m -oTEST.gba |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| Create test NDS ROM from three inputs |
| |
| mmutil -d -b input1.xm input2.s3m testsound.wav |
`-----------------------------------------------------------------'
www.maxmod.org
mmsolution.bin
mmsolution.bin: No such file or directory
bin2s: could not open grit /c/Users/Raphael/Desktop/sprite_test/gfx/gfx1.png -fts -ogfx1
ERROR: Illegal option: multifile run with -o but no -fa.
ERROR: Bad arguments
make[1]: *** [gfx1.s] Error 1
"make": *** [build] Error 2

> Process Exit Code: 2
> Time Taken: 00:04

Source:

I hope you can help me

EDIT2:
Fixed myself and... OMG IT WORKS

THANK YOU SOOO MUCH! I hope you'll make the tutorials

Would help me

EDIT3 (lol):
I have now a problem:
I cant get it to work, that the sprites are on the bottom screen AND behind the sprites is a background (256x256 image)
Can you help me with this, too? <_<

_________________________

See a lots of creative DS Hacking here
If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

ray	Posted on 10-02-11, 05:36 pm Hi. Link ID: 4691 +0
Roy Koopa Karma: 4011 Posts: 736/2722 Since: 06-26-11	Can someone tell me, why these 3 images have now transparency bugs? I dont use black as transparenc color... _________________________ See a lots of creative DS Hacking here If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

Dirbaio	Posted on 10-02-11, 05:43 pm Hi. Link ID: 4693 +0
Super Mario ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°) Karma: 10010 Posts: 938/4457 Since: 06-08-11	Try adding -gT FF00FF to the .grit file.

ray	Posted on 10-02-11, 05:47 pm Hi. Link ID: 4694 +0
Roy Koopa Karma: 4011 Posts: 737/2722 Since: 06-26-11	I have already _________________________ See a lots of creative DS Hacking here If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

Dirbaio	Posted on 10-02-11, 05:48 pm Hi. Link ID: 4695 +0
Super Mario ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°) Karma: 10010 Posts: 939/4457 Since: 06-08-11	Then, source please

ray

Posted on 10-02-11, 05:53 pm

Link
ID: 4696
+0

Roy Koopa

Karma: 4011
Posts: 738/2722
Since: 06-26-11

#include <nds.h>

#include "TitleBottom.h"
#include "TitleTop.h"
#include "Block1.h"
#include "Block2.h"
#include "Block3.h"
#include "PlayerR.h"
#include "PlayerL.h"

int count;
int e = 0;
int Spr1X,Spr2X,Spr1Y,Spr2Y,Spr3X,Spr3Y,PlX,PlY;

void timer()
{
	    scanKeys();
		int held = keysHeld();
 
		if( held & KEY_LEFT)
		PlX = PlX -1;
 
		if( held & KEY_RIGHT)
		PlX = PlX +1;
		
 		if( held & KEY_UP)
		PlY = PlY -1;
		
		if( held & KEY_DOWN)
		PlY = PlY +1;
		
		if( held & KEY_TOUCH)
		PlY = PlY -1;

}


int main(void)
{

   	vramSetBankA(VRAM_A_MAIN_BG_0x06000000);

        int bg = bgInit(3, BgType_Bmp8, BgSize_B8_256x256, 0,0);

        dmaCopy(TitleTopBitmap, bgGetGfxPtr(bg), 256*256);
        dmaCopy(TitleTopPal, BG_PALETTE, 256*2);
  
  
    videoSetModeSub(MODE_5_2D);
   	vramSetBankC(VRAM_C_SUB_BG_0x06200000);

        int bg3 = bgInitSub(3, BgType_Bmp8, BgSize_B8_256x256, 0,0);

        dmaCopy(TitleBottomBitmap, bgGetGfxPtr(bg3), 256*256);
        dmaCopy(TitleBottomPal, BG_PALETTE_SUB, 256*2);


  videoSetMode(MODE_5_2D);
  vramSetBankF(VRAM_F_MAIN_SPRITE);
  oamInit(&oamMain,SpriteMapping_1D_32,true);
  vramSetBankF(VRAM_F_LCD);
  
  int i;
  
  for (i=0;i<=Block1PalLen;i++)
  VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[0][i] = Block1Pal[i];
  for (i=0;i<=Block2PalLen;i++)
  VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[1][i] = Block2Pal[i];
  for (i=0;i<=Block3PalLen;i++)
  VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[2][i] = Block3Pal[i];
  for (i=0;i<=PlayerRPalLen;i++)
  VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[3][i] = PlayerRPal[i];
  for (i=0;i<=PlayerRPalLen;i++)
  VRAM_F_EXT_SPR_PALETTE[4][i] = PlayerLPal[i];
	
  vramSetBankF(VRAM_F_SPRITE_EXT_PALETTE);
  
  u16* Block1 = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color);
  u16* Block2 = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color);
  u16* Block3 = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_16x16, SpriteColorFormat_256Color);
  u16* PlayerR = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_32x64, SpriteColorFormat_256Color);
  u16* PlayerL = oamAllocateGfx(&oamMain, SpriteSize_32x64, SpriteColorFormat_256Color);
  
  dmaCopy(Block1Tiles, Block1, Block1TilesLen);
  dmaCopy(Block2Tiles, Block2, Block2TilesLen);
  dmaCopy(Block3Tiles, Block3, Block3TilesLen);
  dmaCopy(PlayerRTiles, PlayerR, PlayerRTilesLen);
  dmaCopy(PlayerLTiles, PlayerL, PlayerLTilesLen);
  
  Spr1X = 32;
  Spr2X = 64;
  Spr3X = 96;
  PlY = 64;
  
  timerStart(0, ClockDivider_256, TIMER_FREQ(490), timer);
  
  lcdMainOnBottom();
  
  while(1)
  {
    oamSet(&oamMain,
	        0, //SpriteNumber (0-127)
			Spr1X, Spr1Y, //Sprite X and Y variables)
			0, //Priority (0 render last)
			0, //Palete number if Multiple Paletes
			SpriteSize_16x16,
			SpriteColorFormat_256Color,
			Block1, //Pointer to the graphic
			-1, //Sprite rotation data
			false, //double the size when rotating?
			false, //hide the sprite?
			false, false, //vflip?, hflip?
			false //apply mosaic?
			);
	oamSet(&oamMain,
	        1,
			Spr2X, Spr2Y,
			0,
			1,
			SpriteSize_16x16,
			SpriteColorFormat_256Color,
			Block2,
			-1,
			false,
			false,
			false, false,
			false
			);
	oamSet(&oamMain,
	        2,
			Spr3X, Spr3Y,
			0,
			2,
			SpriteSize_16x16,
			SpriteColorFormat_256Color,
			Block3,
			-1,
			false,
			false,
			false, false,
			false
			);
	oamSet(&oamMain,
	        3,
			PlX, PlY,
			0,
			3,
			SpriteSize_32x64,
			SpriteColorFormat_256Color,
			PlayerR,
			-1,
			false,
			false,
			false, false,
			false
			);
			
			
	swiWaitForVBlank();
	oamUpdate(&oamMain);
   }
}
	

Can I then also ask, how I can load a new Image to a sprite?

_________________________

See a lots of creative DS Hacking here
If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

Dirbaio	Posted on 10-02-11, 06:08 pm (rev. 1) Hi. Link ID: 4699 +0
Super Mario ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°) Karma: 10010 Posts: 941/4457 Since: 06-08-11	I think the thing that's causing problems is for (i=0;i<=Block1PalLen;i++) Change it to for (i=0;i<Block1PalLen;i++) because if not it'd be overwriting the first color of the next palette. Palettes are 256 colors, going from 0 to 255 I'm not sure if this is the cause though.

ray	Posted on 10-02-11, 06:14 pm Hi. Link ID: 4700 +0
Roy Koopa Karma: 4011 Posts: 740/2722 Since: 06-26-11	Doesnt fix the problem Any more possibilities? _________________________ See a lots of creative DS Hacking here If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

Dirbaio	Posted on 10-02-11, 07:28 pm Hi. Link ID: 4702 +0
Super Mario ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°) Karma: 10010 Posts: 942/4457 Since: 06-08-11	Then I think I don't know. What else do you have in your grit file?

ray	Posted on 10-02-11, 07:30 pm Hi. Link ID: 4703 +0
Roy Koopa Karma: 4011 Posts: 742/2722 Since: 06-26-11	#An 8 bit sprite -gB8 #A tiled image -gt #The Transperant colour of 0xFF00FF -gT FF00FF That's all... _________________________ See a lots of creative DS Hacking here If you want to support me, you might check out my Patreon Page : )

coolas1

Posted on 10-05-11, 02:39 am (rev. 2)

Link
ID: 4744
+0

Porcupo
Did you win the game?

Karma: 211
Posts: 117/322
Since: 06-28-11

Well actually I wonder why the DS displays anything at all!
I do not know why you:

1. Set ONLY VRAM_F to MAIN_SPRITE (~~unless I'm blind!~~No I'm not, you only set F to sprite)
2. Then Set VRAM_F to LCD
3. Then Set VRAM_F to Sprite palette
4. And expect there to be room for all your sprites, You are overwriting the Graphic data with the palette data =

You can not map a VRAM to hold two things at once! (Unless you are Dirbaio

)

[offtopic]
Also why not link to the svn

[/offtopic]

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